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From the pages of Fine Woodworking Magazine

Carving the Foot by Hand

How to make an 18th-century style pad foot without a lathe

by Lonnie Bird

Pad foot
All 18th-century pad feet that I've examined are round, presumably because they were turned on a lathe. But even if you don't have a lathe, you can produce an attractive pad foot; you'll just need to be prepared to spend a little extra time at it.

When you bandsaw the leg blank, go ahead and bandsaw the foot outline as well. This will create a square pad foot that provides a guideline for shaping by hand. Next, locate the center of the foot by marking diagonal lines. Then draw the circumference of the pad with a compass or template.

To shape the foot, remove the four corners with a chisel and rasp. A carving gouge with a curvature to match the foot contour is also helpful in achieving a pleasing appearance. Finally, smooth and blend the surfaces with a file.

Circle template Circle at top of foot
1. Use a circle template to position the circle at the bottom of the pad.
 
2. The circle at the top of the foot is penciled in by eye.
Establishing a shoulder Rasping a round pad
3. Use a carving gouge to establish the curve on one corner, then use a chisel to cut away the small shoulder at the bottom of the pad.
 
4. Rasps and files help round the pad down to the bottom of the leg. Once the bottom has been shaped, sight down the leg and clean up the top profile.

Lonnie Bird teaches furniture making at the University of Rio Grande in Ohio. He is the author of The Bandsaw Book, published by The Taunton Press.
Photos: Matthew Teague

From Fine Woodworking #144, pp. 48-49
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In this video, Phil Lowe shows you how to design and carve this hallmark of 18th-century furniture