For flavor "complements," limit yourself to the few and the bold
A few vivid flavors speak volumes. Take the recipe for chicken with gremolata; it’s a perfect example of “less is more.” Just three bold flavors—lemon zest, garlic, and parsley—liven up a simple sauté of chicken. Don’t be tempted to layer on a lot of ingredients to a recipe, since the goal is to minimize preparation and cooking time.
Stock your kitchen with plenty of aromatic vegetables (onions, shallots, scallions, fresh ginger, and garlic), herbs (good keepers like parsley, rosemary, and thyme), and spices (like cumin, coriander, fennel seed, chile flakes, and curry powder), and you’ll be able to add bold flavors to main dishes with just a few ingredients. Here are some easy ways to add flavor fast:
To brighten a dish quickly, fresh herbs can be sprinkled onto soups, pastas, or sauces at the end of cooking, instead of using more subtle ingredients that require lengthy cooking to coax out their flavors.
For a touch of acidity, a last-minute drizzle of vinegar or lemon or lime juice often works better than wine; the latter requires reduction (which takes time) before tasting just right.
To make sweet and savory combinations, you rarely need more than two or three ingredients. In the recipe for chicken brochettes with apricot glaze, apricot preserves provides just the right amount of fruity sweetness when mixed with garlic and balsamic vinegar in a marinade (and glaze) for chicken.
If you like salty flavors, ingredients that especially complement chicken, fish, and tomato-based sauces include feta cheese (creamy-salty), Parmigano (nutty-salty), bacon or pancetta (smoky-salty) and olives (earthy-salty).
If it’s heat—as in spice—you’re seeking, there are many quick options, including chili or cayenne powder, a small amount of canned chipotle chiles (one of my favorites), crushed red chile flakes, wasabi, or horseradish. Each lends its particular nuance along with fiery heat.